{"id":99300,"date":"2022-01-07T02:58:01","date_gmt":"2022-01-07T02:58:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/?p=99300"},"modified":"2022-01-06T15:28:03","modified_gmt":"2022-01-06T15:28:03","slug":"farkas-jozsef-gyorgy-ii-rakoczi-ferenc-varso-jaroslaw-gdansk-lengyelorszag","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/?p=99300","title":{"rendered":"Farkas J\u00f3zsef Gy\u00f6rgy: II. R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Ferenc \u2013 Vars\u00f3, Jaros\u0142aw, Gda\u0144sk (Lengyelorsz\u00e1g)"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

Sorozatunkban m\u00e1r r\u00e9szletesen \u00edrtunk a 18. sz\u00e1zad els\u0151 \u00e9vtized\u00e9nek magyar szabads\u00e1gharc\u00e1r\u00f3l \u00e9s annak vez\u00e9ralakj\u00e1r\u00f3l, II. R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Ferencr\u0151l (1676-1735). Kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 ismert azonban, hogy a z\u00e1szl\u00f3bont\u00e1st k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl megel\u0151z\u0151en, illetve felkel\u00e9s buk\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00f6vet\u0151en h\u0151s\u00fcnk lengyel f\u00f6ld\u00f6n tal\u00e1lt mened\u00e9ket.
R\u00e1k\u00f3czi felmen\u0151it \u00e9s csal\u00e1di hagyom\u00e1nyait ismerve a b\u00e9csi udvar \u2013 j\u00f3llehet jezsuit\u00e1k seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lta \u201e\u00e1tnevelni\u201d \u2013 a fiatal magyar f\u0151nemes minden kapcsolat\u00e1t, tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00e9t \u00e9beren figyelte, s az els\u0151 gyan\u00fas jelre akci\u00f3ba l\u00e9pett. 1701-ben nagys\u00e1rosi kast\u00e9ly\u00e1ban lefogt\u00e1k, s a b\u00e9cs\u00fajhelyi b\u00f6rt\u00f6nbe z\u00e1rt\u00e1k \u2013 oda, ahonnan nagyapj\u00e1t, Zr\u00ednyi P\u00e9tert harminc \u00e9vvel kor\u00e1bban a v\u00e9rpadra vitt\u00e9k. H\u00edvei azonban \u201emegnyert\u00e9k\u201d a b\u00f6rt\u00f6nparancsnokot, s a becses foglyot siker\u00fclt megsz\u00f6ktetni\u00fck. R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Lengyelorsz\u00e1gba menek\u00fclt, s ott mened\u00e9kre tal\u00e1lt (b\u00e1r a fej\u00e9re kit\u0171z\u00f6tt t\u00edzezer forintnyi v\u00e9rd\u00edj megnehez\u00edtette a rejt\u0151zk\u00f6d\u00e9st). V\u00e9g\u00fcl rokona, Sienawski herceg neje, El\u017cbieta seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel siker\u00fclt elker\u00fclnie a \u201elebuk\u00e1st\u201d.<\/p>\r\n

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A kr\u00f3nika\u00edr\u00f3k szerint azonban kett\u0151j\u00fck kapcsolata t\u00falment a politikai \u00e9s diplom\u00e1ciai \u00e9rdekek szem el\u0151tt tart\u00e1s\u00e1n (a gazdag h\u00f6lgy am\u00fagy a vars\u00f3i franciabar\u00e1t k\u00f6r vezet\u0151j\u00e9nek sz\u00e1m\u00edtott, R\u00e1k\u00f3czi pedig folyamatosan kereste XIV. Lajos t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t). Levelez\u00e9s\u00fck minden esetre szerelmi vonzalomr\u00f3l is tan\u00faskodik. A rokonszenv k\u00e9s\u0151bb is fennmaradt, 1706-ban p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a meg\u00fcresedett kir\u00e1lyi tr\u00f3nra Sieniawska hercegn\u0151 a lengyel rendek el\u0151tt II. R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Ferenc szem\u00e9ly\u00e9t aj\u00e1nlotta.<\/p>\r\n

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Vars\u00f3ban t\u00e1bla \u0151rzi R\u00e1k\u00f3czi eml\u00e9k\u00e9t azon a h\u00e1zon, ahol egykor megsz\u00e1llhatott, s amelyben most az egyetem t\u00f6bb fakult\u00e1sa is m\u0171k\u00f6dik. A k\u00e9tnyelv\u0171 t\u00e1bl\u00e1t 2009-ben a k\u00e9t k\u00f6zt\u00e1rsas\u00e1gi eln\u00f6k avatta fel az \u00f3v\u00e1ros f\u0151utc\u00e1ja, a Krakowskie Przedmiescie 1. fal\u00e1n. Annak idej\u00e9n itt, a mai belv\u00e1rosban tal\u00e1lkozhatott a h\u0171s\u00e9ges bar\u00e1tj\u00e1ul \u00e9s katonai vezet\u0151j\u00e9\u00fcl szeg\u0151d\u00f6tt Becs\u00e9nyi Mikl\u00f3ssal is. (Bercs\u00e9nyi 1707-ben ugyancsak Vars\u00f3ban t\u00e1rgyalt egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9sr\u0151l Nagy P\u00e9ter c\u00e1rral \u2013 eredm\u00e9nytelen\u00fcl\u2026). R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Ferenc els\u0151 lengyelorsz\u00e1gi emigr\u00e1ci\u00f3ja 1703-ban Brez\u00e1nban (ma Ukrajna), Sienawski\u00e9k v\u00e1r\u00e1ban \u00e9rt v\u00e9get, ahol akkor a kurucokat harcba sz\u00f3l\u00edt\u00f3 Ki\u00e1ltv\u00e1ny\u00e1t megfogalmazta.
A szabads\u00e1gharcot \u00f6nfelad\u00e1ssal lez\u00e1r\u00f3, K\u00e1rolyi S\u00e1ndor gr\u00f3f \u00e1ltal megk\u00f6t\u00f6tt Szatm\u00e1ri b\u00e9ke, vagyis 1711 ut\u00e1n ism\u00e9t a t\u00e1voz\u00e1s k\u00f6vetkezett \u2013 \u00e9s ism\u00e9t Lengyelorsz\u00e1g. A K\u00e1rp\u00e1taljai vajdas\u00e1gban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 Jaros\u0142awban \u00e9vekig \u00e9lt kor\u00e1bban R\u00e1k\u00f3czi feles\u00e9ge, ide menek\u00fclt h\u00e1t a hatalm\u00e1t vesztett \u201enagys\u00e1gos fejedelem\u201d, t\u00f6bb ezer h\u00edve, k\u00f6zt\u00fck \u201eNagy\u201d Bercs\u00e9nyi Mikl\u00f3s t\u00e1rsas\u00e1g\u00e1ban. A kuruc vez\u00e9r \u00e9s sz\u0171kebb k\u00eds\u00e9rete 1711 m\u00e1sodik fel\u00e9ben ment tov\u00e1bb Gdanszkon (Gda\u0144sk) \u00e1t Franciaorsz\u00e1gba. Gdanszk azzal \u00edrta be nev\u00e9t a magyar k\u00e9pz\u0151m\u0171v\u00e9szet t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9be, hogy 1712-ben a lengyel kir\u00e1ly udvari fest\u0151jek\u00e9nt M\u00e1nyoki \u00c1d\u00e1m itt \u00f6r\u00f6k\u00edtette meg a m\u00e1ig legismertebb R\u00e1k\u00f3czi-portr\u00e9t<\/p>\r\n

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. A magyar emigr\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9let\u00e9ben m\u00e9g \u00e9vtizedekig jelent\u0151s szerepe volt Jaros\u0142awnak. A telep\u00fcl\u00e9sen ma is elevenen \u00e9l a hagyom\u00e1ny. 2008. november 11-\u00e9n, Lengyelorsz\u00e1g f\u00fcggetlens\u00e9gi \u00fcnnep\u00e9nek 90. \u00e9vfordul\u00f3j\u00e1n avatt\u00e1k fel a v\u00e1ros f\u0151ter\u00e9n a lengyel\u2013magyar bar\u00e1ts\u00e1g eml\u00e9km\u0171v\u00e9t, a benc\u00e9s kolostor fal\u00e1n pedig k\u00e9tnyelv\u0171 m\u00e1rv\u00e1nyt\u00e1bla \u00e9s a cs\u00edksomly\u00f3i R\u00e1k\u00f3czi-domborm\u0171 m\u00e1solata id\u00e9zi a k\u00f6z\u00f6s m\u00faltat.<\/p>\r\n

Nagyon k\u00f6sz\u00f6n\u00f6m H\u00e1rs G\u00e1bor ny. nagyk\u00f6vet seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9t!<\/em><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorozatunkban m\u00e1r r\u00e9szletesen \u00edrtunk a 18. sz\u00e1zad els\u0151 \u00e9vtized\u00e9nek magyar szabads\u00e1gharc\u00e1r\u00f3l \u00e9s annak vez\u00e9ralakj\u00e1r\u00f3l, II. R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Ferencr\u0151l (1676-1735). Kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 ismert azonban, hogy a z\u00e1szl\u00f3bont\u00e1st k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl megel\u0151z\u0151en, illetve felkel\u00e9s buk\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00f6vet\u0151en h\u0151s\u00fcnk lengyel f\u00f6ld\u00f6n tal\u00e1lt mened\u00e9ket.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[126],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-riport"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99300","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=99300"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99300\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=99300"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=99300"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ujkafe.website\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=99300"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}